CONCEPT OF ESTIMATION
ESTIMATING is the technique of calculating of computing the various quantities and the expected expenditure to be inured on a particular work of project.
in case the funds available are less than the estimated cost the work is done in part or by reducing it or specifications are altered, the following requirement are necessary for preparing an estimate.
1) drawings like plan, elevation and sections of important points.2) detailed specifications about workmanship and properties of materials etc.
3) standard schedule of rates of the current year.
NEED FOR ESTIMATION AND COSTING
1) estimate give and idea of the cost of the work and hence its feasibility can be determine.
2) estimate gives an idea of time required for the completion of the work.
3)estimate is required to invite the tenders and quotations and to arrange contracts.
4) estimate is also required to control the expenditure during the execution of work.
5)estimate decides whether the proposed pan matches the funds available or not
DATA REQUIRED TO PREPARE AN ESTIMATE
1) drawings i.e. plans, elevations, sections etc...
2) specifications.
3) rates
COMPLETE ESTIMATE
most of the people think that the estimate of a structure includes cost of land,cost of materials and labor. but many other direct and indirect costs included and is shown below:
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